Python Logging, Packaging and Some Other Advanced Topics

__init__.py and __main__.py in python package

In a package directory, there is always a file named __init__.py. Very often, people leave it as empty, just indicate the folder is a package. Actually we can put code in this file to initialize package level data. The code in this file will be invoked when the package or a module in the package is imported. For example, in a automation package, we define some configuration in the file config.cfg. In the __init__.py file, we use following code to load these configuration.

    from os import path
    import importlib_resources as _resource
    from configparser import ConfigParser

    cfg = ConfigParser()
    with _resource.path("conf", "config.cfg") as _path:
        cfg.read(str(_path))

    SCREENSHOT_DEST_FOLDER = cfg.get("SCREENSHOT_DEST_FOLDER", "screen_repository")

Then in any module from this package, we can import this configuration variable and use it directly.

    from automation import SCREENSHOT_DEST_FOLDER

Trust you have already known how to run a module from command line. But if you need to run the whole automation package, then we can add a __main__.py file under the package.

    def main():
        // call the relevant modules with proper parameters


if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()

In command line, we just simply run: __python __

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